Allergy sufferers know the signs all too well – spring is literally in the air, and coming in direct contact with their eyes. In the U.S., 20 percent of adults and children suffer from allergies. For people who suffer allergy-related eye problems, a number of over-the-counter and new prescription medications are available to provide relief.
Common problems related to allergies include itchy, red, burning, watery, or swollen eyes. Triggers include pollens from grass, trees, and environmental contaminants, as well as dust, animal hair and yeast. The problem starts when the body’s immune system mistakes these substances for unwanted foreign bodies. When the immune system overreacts, it triggers allergic reactions to protect the eyes from potential injury. If individuals can pinpoint the cause of the allergy and avoid exposure whenever possible, that will help relieve the eyes the most. Unfortunately this is not always feasible.
When their eyes become irritated, people can seek help from their eye care professional. Depending on the person’s discomfort level, optometrists can suggest cold compresses, over-the-counter eye drops, or prescribe any of several medications to decrease or relieve the symptoms. Drops range from homeopathies which build your eye’s immunity to allergens, to antihistamines or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, to decongestants. Be aware that decongestants can constrict the blood vessels and whiten your eyes, but may actually increase redness and irritation if used too often.
In some regions of the country, people may start experiencing symptoms as early as February, but March and April are the most common months for problems to start. Oregon has some of the highest grass and pollen counts in the nation during the summer months. Millions of people see their primary care physician, allergist or other specialist for prescription oral medications, which work well for most, but may cause drowsiness in some individuals. In some cases, these oral medications may cause allergy sufferers to find their eyes drier than normal. Dry eye symptoms may be treated with artificial tear drops, gels or ointments.
If you wear contact lenses, airborne allergens can stick on your lenses making them uncomfortable to wear. Allergens can also cause your eyes to over-produce natural substances which bind to your contact lenses. You can use lubricant eye drops to relieve your symptoms and keep your contact lenses clean. If you are using “anti-allergy” eye drops, you should wait 15 minutes after putting in the drops before you put you contact lenses in your eyes.
Most importantly, people should always discuss any medications and over-the-counter products they are taking with their optometrist. With this information, a better diagnosis can be determined for the cause of the irritated eyes, and the course of treatment can be tailored accordingly.
Julie Danielson, an optometric physician, is available by appointment at (541) 899-2020.